Health Effects of Coarse Particles
Recent research on the adverse health effects of particulate matter (PM) in ambient air is focussing on elucidating the role of particle size and source in eliciting health effects. In settings influenced by the coarser fraction of particles, such as around mines, there has been some question as to whether exposure standards based on urban air pollution are appropriate for health protection.
In this paper we review the literature on health effects of PM ranging from 2.5 – 10 microns, with an emphasis on studies conducted around mining communities. We also include recent reviews of health effects from community exposure to silica dust in particular.
The literature suggests that there are significant respiratory health effects associated with the coarser fraction of PM10 and that it is important to minimise any incremental exposure to PM from developments such as mines. In most situations, and where PM concentrations comply with standards, it is unlikely that silica represents any additional risk to health for nearby communities.
An outcome of this review was a brochure for mine dust affected communities, developed jointly by NSW Health Department, NSW Department of Environment and Conservation and the NSW Minerals Council.